This course offers basic knowledge of microbes and their roles in ecosystems. The early parts of the topics are related to morphology and structures, microbial diversity, metabolisms, growth, and genetics. Later parts of the course will cover applied aspects of microorganisms in agriculture, such as the manipulation of microbial products in industrial microbiology production, the roles of microbes in soil, environment, ecology, biogeochemical cycles, and foods. Several basic techniques essential in microbiology will be taught in practical sessions. The concepts of field and laboratory diagnostic procedures, and the Koch's Postulates will be taught in practical sessions.